Harald Skulberg

• Skulberg, Harald (2022). Teaching Design in a Virtual Classroom – A new Normality initiated by the Pandemic Context. I Bohemia, Erik; Buck, Lyndon & Grierson, Hilary (Red.), DS 117: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education (E&PDE 2022), London South Bank University in London, UK. 8th - 9th September 2022. The Design Society. ISSN 9781912254163. doi: 10.35199/EPDE.2022.32. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  ABSTRACT After the Covid-19 pandemic emerged and developed into a global health crisis, we experienced that all sectors of society became affected. Within academia, we as educators in higher design education in Norway experienced how intrusive infection control restrictions from 12 March 2020 forced us to alter our pedagogic strategies and teaching methods. Physical presence at campus was suddenly terminated, and online teaching was established through a virtual classroom model where students had to attend digital lectures from home. After running this regime during six months, we wanted to investigate the consequences and effects of this pedagogic transition. How has our remote teaching practice influenced the students’ learning experiences? As we wanted to investigate our students’ new learning situation from their own point of view, we developed a questionnaire where we asked our design students how they have experienced their study situation during the pandemic. To adapt our teaching strategies to the new context, we also asked for new and radical ideas to reduce the negative impact from the pandemic, aiming at damage reduction - or even improvements - of our teaching and tutoring. We believe that this survey has gained us positively, as it had produced new knowledge and proved fruitful to enable us to reorganize and adapt to a new normal.

• Skulberg, Harald (2020). Light as Tool for exploring Three-Dimensional Form. I Evans, M; Shaw, A. & Na, J. H. (Red.), Design revolutions: IASDR 2019 Conference Proceedings. Volume 2: Living, Making, Value. Manchester Metropolitan University. ISSN 9781910029602. s. 425–445. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2018). Preparing for Diploma: Facilitating and optimizing the mental Journey. (Paper). I Bohemia, Erik; Kovacevic, Ahmed; Buck, Lyndon; Childs, Peter; Green, Stephen; Hall, Ashley & Dasan, Aran (Red.), Proceedings of E&PDE 2018 - 20th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Diversity or Conformity, Dyson School of Engineering, Imperial College, London. 6th - 7th September 2018. The Design Society. ISSN 9781912254026. s. 764–769. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  A series of pressures, whether real or perceived, such as accreditation, competition and financial restraints has led to standardisation and norming in the educational experience and output produced by universities across the world within a specific subject area. Nevertheless universities and their staff teams pride themselves on distinctiveness in the educational pathway and on the unique characteristics of their specific university and associated departments. This year’s conference theme Diversity or Conformity? aims to explore how educators tackle the seemingly dualistic relationship between diversity and conformity.

• Skulberg, Harald (2017). Light and Shape: Exploring the Impact of Light during the Product Design Process, Proceedings of E&PDE 2017 - International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education. Building Community: Design Education for a Sustainable Future. The Design Society. ISSN 9781904670841. s. 430–435. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2016). CROSS-DISCIPLINARY TEACHING AND MENTAL SCALING IN COMPLEX DESIGN PROJECTS. I Bohemia, Erik; Buck, Lyndon; Eriksen, Kaare; Kovacevic, Ahmed; Ovesen, Nis & Tollestrup, Christian (Red.), Design Education: Collaboration and Cross-Disciplinarity. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Aalborg University, Denmark, 8th-9th September 2016. The Design Society. ISSN 9781904670780. s. 516–521. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2015). Mutiple Media Stimulus in Product Design Teaching: The Importance of Rich Media Environment. Great expectations : design teaching, research & enterprise : proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Loughborough Design School, University of Loughborough, United Kingdom, 3rd-4th September 2015. The Design Society. ISSN 9781904670629. s. 124–129. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2015). Improving Skills in Product Design: Exploring Solution Space and the Impact of applied Mental Scaling. Great expectations : design teaching, research & enterprise : proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Loughborough Design School, University of Loughborough, United Kingdom, 3rd-4th September 2015. The Design Society. ISSN 9781904670629. s. 494–499. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2014). 3D CAD and mental scaling in the product design process: exloring the creativity potential in design education. I Bohemia, Erik; Eger, Arthur; Eggink, Wouter; Kovacevic, Ahmed; Parkinson, Brian & Wits, Wessel (Red.), Design Education & Human Technology Relations. The 16th International Conference on Engineering & Product Design Education. The Design Society. ISSN 9781904670568. s. 732–737. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2012). Strategies for stimulating creativity in design education. I Buck, Lyndon; Frateur, Geert; Ion, William; McMahon, Chris; Baelus, Chris; Grande, Guido De & Verwulgen, Stijn (Red.), Design education for future wellbeing: proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education, Artesis University College, Antwerp, Belgium 6th - 7th September 2012. The Design Society. ISSN 9781904670360. s. 499–504. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2005). Innovation in Modern Leisure Boat Design, Pride & Predesign : The cultural heritage and the science of design. IADE - Instituto de Artes Visuais Design e Marketing. ISSN 9789729870132. s. 307–313. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Troye, Rachel Karine Bergesen; Sandness, Solveig; Hemmersam, Peter; Dahl, Mathilde Simonsen & Skulberg, Harald (2014). AHO WORKS Studies 2012-2013. Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo. ISBN 9788254702604. 223 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Troye, Rachel Karine Bergesen; Sandness, Solveig; Larsen, Janike Kampevold; Vatn, Espen; Skulberg, Harald & Pahle, Vera [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2013). AHO WORKS Studies 2011-2012. Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo. ISBN 9788254702499. 189 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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• Skulberg, Harald (2021). Design Education in a Pandemic Context. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2019). Light as Tool for exploring Three-Dimensional Form. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Designing physical objects for mass production involves a range of critical considerations. Product designers are dependent on carefully defining criteria before developing and integrating properties and physical shape into product solutions. The act of aesthetic assessment of qualitative form characteristics in physical models constitutes a fundamental part of creating desirable design solutions for the end user, complementing assessments through screen-based digital renderings. Traditionally, product designers have developed creative methods for aesthetically driven form development, utilizing both 2D and 3D tools. However, the conscious use of light during this activity is rarely mentioned as part of the creative toolbox. In this context, are we aware of what fundamental impact light has on our perceptual capabilities during aesthetic assessment and fine-tuning of a physical model? During an extensive series of light experiments, different constellations between artefacts from various stages of the product design process and different light sources were explored. Through a series of photo- and video recordings this study has enabled the understanding of how light influence our visual assessment of physical objects and their construction in product design. These observations support the idea that light may be utilized quite extensively in order to support the designer to explore and to build control and insight through careful observations during aesthetic judgement. Nettsted: https://iasdr2019.org/research-papers?keywords=skulberg&category

• Skulberg, Harald (2018). Preparing for Diploma: Fazilitating and optimizing the mental Journey. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2017). Light and Shape: Exploring the Impact of Light during the Product Design Process (conference presentation). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2016). CROSS-DISCIPLINARY TEACHING AND MENTAL SCALING IN COMPLEX DESIGN PROJECTS. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2015). Mutiple Media Stimulus in Product Design Teaching: The Importance of Rich Media Environment. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2015). Improving Skills in Product Design: Exploring Solution Space and the Impact of applied Mental Scaling. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2014). 3D CAD AND MENTAL SCALING IN THE PRODUCT DESIGN PROCESS: EXPLORING THE CREATIVITY POTENTIAL IN DESIGN EDUCATION. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2012). Strategies for stimulating creativity in design education. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Today, the modern society seems to be in constant change, as change itself is becoming the norm. The race for commercial optimization within the industrial development of products, systems and services demands a highly developed competence amongst designers being in forefront of these design industries. Corporate understanding of consumer behavior seems to be more and more important in order to adapt to the current market situation, as well being able to predict the future market trends and future consumer preferences in a sustainable perspective. Designers are increasingly challenged by demands defined by environmental concerns, technological optimization, logistics and functional efficiency. In product design practice, the formulation of each specific design problem has to reflect these concerns. In order to handle this complexity, designers have to be academically trained in a relevant manner, and we understand that relevant methodology in design education is a key issue. The diversity of these different aspects - from an abstract philosophical, ideation and conceptualization level, to a concrete detail solving one - requires an ability to flexibly grasp the nature of the actual problem, independent of where in the design process it occurs. Academically, these challenges are addressed in different ways in design schools worldwide. In our institution, The Institute of Design (IDE), The Oslo School of Architecture and Design, an effort has been made to explore and evaluate the effect of different design methods as part of our educational training during the foundation study. The starting point for the pedagogical research project was: How can we -in order to make the design students mentally ‘flexible’- stimulate and thereby improve design student’s creativity through the execution of different stages of a product design process? A set of different design projects and workshops with divergent focus areas was provided to the first year design students. In addition to the separate design projects, we also have facilitated a number of practical workshops. Carrying out these activities has produced a valuable effect, as the students have developed sufficient abilities which then have proved crucial - and a valuable basis - for handling their self-defined design problems. The thematic divergence in these activities has produced a valuable body of experience, which seems to articulate a firmer understanding of which pedagogical structure that works well. Our motivation has been to stimulate the design student’s ability to generate ideas and execute design processes by implementing a generative approach and a holistic view through the whole design process, not only the initial idea generating stage. A key factor here is mental elasticity, or the ability to mentally fluctuate between a convergent and divergent thinking through the design process. This paper presents and discusses the experiences gained from these design projects in relation with this theory.

• Skulberg, Harald (2011). Exploring mental scaling as source for creativity during the product design process. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  ABSTRACT In product design practice, design problems may occur on different levels and through different stages of a design process. The diversity of these different levels - from an abstract philosophical, ideation and conceptualization level, to a concrete detail solving one - requires an ability to flexibly grasp the nature of the actual problem, independent of where in the design process it occurs. Academically, these challenges are addressed in different ways in design schools worldwide, via an institution’s culture, traditions and experiences of applied pedagogical methodologies. For a product designer, the commercial race for technological optimization and functional efficiency combined with complex market mechanisms, demands an increased ability to adapt. This refers to future technological development, rapidly changing consumer behavior, and the prediction of future trends. The Institute of Design (IDE), The Oslo School of Architecture and Design, has carried out educational training to meet these demands. Our motivation has been to launch and test new design methodologies in order to stimulate the product design student’s ability to generate ideas and execute design processes by implementing holistic views. The starting point for the pedagogical research project was: How can we stimulate and thereby improve design student’s creativity through the execution of different stages of a product design process? We answer this question by providing examples of how stimulus for enhanced creativity was provided to our students. We also conclude that our mission gained positive pedagogical effect through the practical student projects.

• Skulberg, Harald (2009). Sharks with arms - exploring the transformation from natural phenomenon to innovation object, via applied bionics. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2006). Communicating design ideas to customers. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2006). Exploring innovation design methods in advanced product design environments : A case study : Yacht design practice in the modern boating industry. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2005). Innovation in Modern Leisure Boat Design. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skulberg, Harald (2004). Oslo School of Entrepreneurship from IFIDs point of view. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

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